We see a lot of people who suffer from headaches. Many headaches originate in the neck, and these are technically called cervicogenic headaches. They result from dysfunction within the top three vertebral segments of the spine. Dysfunction in the neck causes head pain in two distinct ways.

The First Way: Cervicogenic Headaches Convergence of Nerves in the Brain

The upper cervical spine (neck) and one of the sensation nerves of the head (the Trigeminal nerve) both send messages to a common origin in the brain. The brain mistakes messages from the dysfunctional cervical spine as coming from the head. 

This is a classic example of simple referred pain. Essentially, the brain cannot differentiate the source of the pain signals, leading to the sensation of a headache when the issue actually originates from the neck.

The Second Way: Cervicogenic Headaches Sensitization of the Brain

Think of it like a pot of bubbling soup on the stove. If the soup gets too hot, it will overflow and create problems. The electrical messages from the neck are one strong source of input into the Trigemino-Cervical Nucleus that can “heat” up and cause sensitization. If these messages are stronger than normal, as with neck stiffness and pain, they can trigger brain sensitization. 

This heightened sensitivity can result in chronic headaches that are difficult to manage without addressing the underlying neck issues.

Symptoms of Cervicogenic Headaches

Recognizing cervicogenic headaches can help in seeking appropriate treatment. Common symptoms include:

• Pain on one side of the head: Typically starting at the base of the skull and radiating upwards.
• Neck pain and stiffness: Often accompanying the headache.
• Reduced neck range of motion: Difficulty turning the head fully.
• Pain triggered by neck movements: Specific movements or sustained postures can exacerbate the headache.
• Tenderness at the base of the skull: When pressing on the upper cervical vertebrae.

Causes of Cervicogenic Headaches

Several factors can contribute to the development of cervicogenic headaches, including:

• Poor Posture: Prolonged periods of poor posture, such as sitting at a desk with a forward head position, can strain the upper cervical spine.
• Neck Injuries: Whiplash or other neck injuries can damage the cervical spine and lead to chronic headaches.
• Degenerative Changes: Conditions like osteoarthritis can affect the cervical vertebrae and cause pain.
• Muscle Imbalances: Weak or tight muscles in the neck and shoulders can contribute to dysfunction and pain.

Diagnosis of Cervicogenic Headaches

• Diagnosing cervicogenic headaches involves a thorough assessment by a healthcare professional. This typically includes:
• Medical History Review: Understanding your headache patterns, triggers, and any related neck pain or injuries.
• Physical Examination: Assessing neck range of motion, muscle tightness, and tenderness in the cervical spine.
• Diagnostic Tests: Imaging tests such as X-rays, MRI, or CT scans may be used to identify structural issues in the cervical spine.
• Nerve Blocks: In some cases, nerve blocks may be used to confirm the diagnosis by temporarily relieving the headache pain.

Treatment for Cervicogenic Headaches

At Health First Group, we use highly trained manual therapy skills to identify movement and position faults of the upper three neck joints that specifically relate to the production of head and neck pain. We can confirm almost immediately if disorders in the upper neck are responsible for headache or migraine. Within four treatments, we expect every headache patient to be significantly improved. Here are some of the treatment options we offer:

Manual Therapy

Manual therapy involves hands-on techniques to manipulate the joints and soft tissues of the neck. Our physiotherapists use specific techniques to improve the alignment and function of the upper cervical spine, reducing pain and improving mobility.

Exercise Therapy

A tailored exercise program can help strengthen the muscles around the neck and improve posture. Exercises may include:

• Strengthening Exercises: Focused on the neck, shoulders, and upper back to support the cervical spine.
• Stretching Exercises: To improve flexibility and reduce muscle tightness.
• Postural Training: Techniques to promote proper alignment and prevent strain on the neck.

Dry Needling and Acupuncture

Dry needling and acupuncture can help relieve muscle tension and pain. These techniques involve inserting thin needles into specific points in the muscles or along energy pathways to promote healing and reduce discomfort.

Ergonomic Adjustments

Improving your work and living environments to promote better posture can make a significant difference in managing cervicogenic headaches. Our physiotherapists can provide advice on ergonomic adjustments, such as:

• Proper Desk Setup: Ensuring your computer monitor is at eye level and your chair supports your lower back.
• Sleeping Position: Using a supportive pillow that maintains the natural curve of your neck.

Lifestyle Modifications

Making certain lifestyle changes can help prevent cervicogenic headaches. These may include:

• Regular Exercise: Engaging in regular physical activity to maintain overall health and reduce muscle tension.
• Stress Management: Techniques such as meditation, deep breathing, and yoga to reduce stress, which can contribute to muscle tension and headaches.
• Hydration and Nutrition: Staying hydrated and eating a balanced diet to support overall well-being.

Preventing Cervicogenic Headaches

Preventing cervicogenic headaches involves addressing the underlying causes and making proactive changes to your lifestyle. Here are some tips to help prevent these headaches:

Maintain Good Posture

Be mindful of your posture throughout the day. Whether you are sitting at a desk, driving, or using your phone, keep your head aligned with your spine and avoid slouching.

Take Frequent Breaks

If you work at a computer or engage in activities that require prolonged periods of sitting, take regular breaks to stretch and move around. This helps to prevent muscle stiffness and strain.

Strengthen Your Neck and Upper Back

Incorporate exercises that strengthen the muscles of your neck and upper back into your regular workout routine. Stronger muscles can provide better support for your cervical spine.

Use Ergonomic Equipment

Invest in ergonomic equipment, such as an adjustable chair and a monitor stand, to create a workspace that supports good posture. Ensure that your workspace is set up to minimise strain on your neck.

Manage Stress

Practice stress management techniques to reduce tension in your muscles. Consider activities such as yoga, meditation, or deep breathing exercises to help you relax and unwind.

When to Seek Professional Help For Your Cervicogenic Headaches

If you suffer from frequent headaches and suspect they may be related to your neck, it’s important to seek professional help. Persistent headaches, especially those that do not respond to over-the-counter pain medications, should be evaluated by a healthcare professional. 

Take Control of Your Headache Relief Today!

Cervicogenic headaches are a common and often debilitating condition that can significantly impact your quality of life. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options is crucial for effective management and recovery. By incorporating a combination of manual therapy, exercise, lifestyle modifications, and ergonomic adjustments, you can overcome cervicogenic headaches and regain full function of your neck and head.

At Health First Group, we are dedicated to providing the highest quality care to help you achieve a pain-free life. Whether you are an athlete, a worker, or someone experiencing chronic headaches, our team is here to support you every step of the way. Contact us today to learn more about our services and how we can help you with cervicogenic headaches and other musculoskeletal conditions.

Don’t let cervicogenic headaches control your life. Book an appointment at our Mackay physio location or any of our nearby locations today and let us help you get on the road to recovery. Our comprehensive treatment approach will not only address your current symptoms but also help to prevent future occurrences.