Does your ankle keep rolling? Ankle sprains account for up to one third of all sports injuries. About a further 30% of patients may develop chronic ankle instability (CAI), which greatly limits their professional or recreational activities. 

This condition is mostly characterised by a frequent giving way of the outer side of the ankle. It can affect anyone, from elite athletes to stay-at-home parents. Adequate rehabilitation is imperative to avoid this instability in both the short term and long term.

Causes of Chronic Ankle Instability

Chronic ankle instability usually develops following an ankle sprain that has not adequately healed or was not rehabilitated completely. When you sprain your ankle, the connective tissues are stretched or torn, and the ability to balance is often affected. 

Proper rehabilitation is needed to strengthen the muscles around the ankle and retrain the tissues within the ankle that affect balance. Failure to do so may result in repeated ankle sprains. Other contributing factors include:

• Incomplete Healing: Ankle ligaments that do not heal properly after an initial sprain.
• Recurrent Sprains: Multiple ankle sprains can weaken the ligaments and increase instability.
• Inadequate Rehabilitation: Lack of proper physiotherapy to restore strength and balance.
• Biomechanical Factors: Poor foot mechanics or structural abnormalities that affect ankle stability.

Symptoms of Chronic Ankle Instability

People with chronic ankle instability often complain of a repeated turning of the ankle, especially on uneven surfaces or when participating in sports. Other common symptoms include:

• Persistent Pain: Ongoing discomfort in the ankle, particularly along the outer side.
• Swelling: Chronic swelling that may persist even after initial injury recovery.
• Weakness: A feeling of instability or weakness in the ankle.
• Limited Mobility: Reduced range of motion in the ankle joint.
• Tenderness: Sensitivity to touch around the ankle.

Diagnosis of Chronic Ankle Instability

Diagnosing chronic ankle instability involves a thorough assessment by a healthcare professional. This typically includes:

• Medical History Review: Understanding your history of ankle injuries and any previous treatments.
• Physical Examination: Checking for signs of instability, pain, swelling, and range of motion.
• Balance Tests: Assessing your ability to maintain balance on the affected ankle.
• Imaging Tests: X-rays, MRI, or ultrasound may be used to evaluate the condition of the ankle ligaments and rule out other issues.

Treatment for Chronic Ankle Instability

Treatment for chronic ankle instability is based on the results of the examination and tests, as well as on the patient’s level of activity. Here are some common treatment options:

Exercises and Physiotherapy

Exercises to strengthen the ankle, improve balance, and enhance range of motion are crucial. Physiotherapy focuses on retraining your muscles and tissues to regain stability. Some specific exercises include:

• Strengthening Exercises: Such as calf raises, ankle circles, and resistance band exercises.
• Balance Training: Using balance boards or single-leg stands to improve proprioception.
• Flexibility Exercises: Stretching the calf muscles and Achilles tendon to maintain range of motion.

Bracing

Some patients wear an ankle brace to gain support for the ankle and keep the ankle from turning. Bracing also helps prevent additional ankle sprains, especially during high-risk activities.

Topical Ointments

We sell Fisiocrem at our practice, which is useful for the temporary relief of pain. It can be applied directly to the affected area to reduce discomfort and inflammation.

Strapping and Taping

Strapping the ankle can provide additional support during the initial phases of rehabilitation and improve blood flow to the affected area, aiding in healing. We offer strapping services at our practice with colours of your choice and will teach you how to strap it up properly.

Surgical Intervention

In severe cases where conservative treatments do not provide relief, surgical intervention may be necessary. Surgery can repair or reconstruct damaged ligaments to restore stability to the ankle.

Prevention of Chronic Ankle Instability

Preventing chronic ankle instability involves taking steps to protect and strengthen your ankles, particularly after an initial injury. Here are some preventive measures:

• Proper Rehabilitation: After an ankle sprain, ensure you follow a comprehensive rehabilitation program to fully restore strength and balance.
• Strengthening Exercises: Regularly perform exercises that strengthen the muscles around your ankle.
• Wear Supportive Footwear: Choose shoes that provide adequate support and cushioning for your activities.
• Use Ankle Braces: During high-risk activities or sports, consider wearing an ankle brace to provide additional support.
• Avoid Uneven Surfaces: Be cautious when walking or running on uneven surfaces to reduce the risk of rolling your ankle.

When to Seek Professional Help: Chronic Ankle Instability

If you experience any symptoms of chronic ankle instability, it’s important to seek professional help. Persistent pain, frequent ankle sprains, or a feeling of instability should not be ignored. Our team of experienced physiotherapists can assess your condition and provide a personalised treatment plan to help you recover and prevent further injuries.

Take Control of Your Ankle Health Today!

Chronic ankle instability is a common condition that can significantly impact your quality of life. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options is crucial for effective management and recovery. By incorporating a combination of therapeutic techniques and preventive measures, you can overcome chronic ankle instability and regain full function of your ankle.

At our Hervey Bay Physio clinic, we are dedicated to providing the highest quality care to help you achieve a pain-free life. Whether you are an athlete, a worker, or someone experiencing ankle instability, our team is here to support you every step of the way. 

You can also contact or visit our nearby Health First Group locations. And learn how we can help you with chronic ankle instability and other musculoskeletal conditions.